Ceramics

From the 17th century onwards, ceramics underwent significant transformations. In Europe, the introduction of kaolin and feldspar enabled the production of fine porcelain, popularized by Chinese imports. The Meissen factory in Germany pioneered European porcelain production in 1708. In Asia, Japan and China continued to develop their own ceramic traditions, with Japan’s Raku and Satsuma styles emerging. In the 19th century, mass production techniques and the development of electric kilns further increased ceramic production. The Arts and Crafts movement in the late 19th century led to a revival of interest in handmade ceramics, paving the way for contemporary ceramic art.